Fabrication and Characterization of Biodegradable Plastic Based on Mixture of Starch and Cellulose from Corn Waste

Ari Susanti, Heri Septya Kusuma, D.K. Zafira, A.B. Ilmi, I.E. Agustina, L Baqih, Arie Prayoga

Abstract


Foodstuffs need proper packaging to prevent spoilage. The use of conventional plastics for packaging has caused environmental problems. It is necessary to develop environmentally friendly packaging as biodegradable plastic. The purpose of this study was to isolate cellulose from corn cobs with three different procedures to determine the best procedure for producing cellulose, as evidenced by the color and results of FTIR analysis. The best cellulose yields are used to make biodegradable plastic films combined with starch and a glycerol plasticizer, sodium montmorillonite nanoclay filler, and clove leaf essential oil. The film that has been made is continued with characterization in the form of analysis of degradation ability, analysis of volatility mass fraction (%), analysis of swelling degree (%), and water solubility (%). The results of this study found that the best cellulose isolation was produced by a procedure 2. The results of the analysis of the degradation ability of the film showed that it was under SNI 7188.7: 2016 with the fastest degradation results within four days with the addition of SMMT. The results of the VMF (%) analysis showed that the presence of EO and SMMT in the composition causes the VMF (%) value to be below. The results of the SD (%) analysis show that the presence of SMMT causes the SD (%) value to increase while the addition of EO causes the SD (%) value to decrease. The results of the WS (%) analysis showed that the presence of SMMT causes the WS (%) to increase, while the addition of EO to the composition variation causes the WS (%) to decrease

Keywords


biodegradable plastic; essential oil; filler; FTIR; plasticizer

References


Asmoro, N., Afriyanti, A., & Ismawati, I. (2018). Ekstraksi Selulosa Batang Tanaman Jagung (Zea Mays) Metode Basa. Jurnal Ilmiah Teknosains, 4, 24. https://doi.org/10.26877/jitek.v4i1.1710

Harunsyah, Yunus, M., & Fauzan, R. (2019). Effect of Clove Essential Oil Addition on Characteristics of Cassava Starch Bioplastic Film Incorporated Zinc Oxide-Organoclay as Reinforcement.

Hidayat, R., Mulyadi, S., & Handani, S. (2015). Pengaruh Penambahan Pati Talas Terhadap Sifat Mekanik Dan Sifat Biodegradabel Plastik Campuran Polipropilena Dan Gula Jagung.

Hidayati, S., Zuidar, A. S., & Ardiani, A. (2015). Aplikasi Sorbitol Pada Produksi Biodegradable Film Dari Nata De Cassava. Reaktor, 15(3), 195. https://doi.org/10.14710/reaktor.15.3.195-203

Hijrah, & Purnama Putra Yebi, Y. (2010). Studi Pemanfaatan Sampah Plastik Menjadi Produk dan Jasa Kreatif. Jurnal Sains Dan Teknologi Lingkungan, Vol 2, No 1 (2010): SAINS & TEKNOLOGI LINGKUNGAN. http://journal.uii.ac.id/index.php/JSTK/article/view/3579

Howard, R. L., Rensburg, E. J. van, & Abotsi, E. (2002). Lignocellulose biotechnology: Issues of bioconversion and enzyme production. African Journal of Biotechnology (ISSN: 1684-5315) Vol 2 Num 12, 2. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJB2003.000-1115

Iamareerat, B., Singh, M., Sadiq, M., & Anal, A. (2018). Reinforced cassava starch based edible film incorporated with essential oil and sodium bentonite nanoclay as food packaging material. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 55. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-018-3100-7

Kanani, N., Saputro, A. B. A., Puspawati, I., & Pratama, A. A. (2019). Preparasi Selulosa Dari Limbah Tongkol Jagung Dengan Bantuan Gelombang Iradiasi Ultrasonik. Proceeding 10th Industrial Research Workshop and National Seminar 2019, 1–8. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.35313/irwns.v10i1.1366

Kunusa, W. R. (2017). Kajian Tentang Isolasi Selulosa Mikrokristalin (SM) dari Limbah Tongkol Jagung. Jambura Journal of Educational Chemistry, Vol 12, No 1 (2017): Februari, 105–108. http://ejurnal.ung.ac.id/index.php/jjec/article/view/2216

Kurniaty, I. (2017). Proses Delignifikasi Menggunakan Naoh Dan Amonia (Nh3) Pada Tempurung Kelapa. JURNAL INTEGRASI PROSES, 6, 197. https://doi.org/10.36055/jip.v6i4.2546

Li, Z., Lin, S., An, S., Liu, L., Hu, Y., & Wan, L. (2019). Preparation, characterization and anti-aflatoxigenic activity of chitosan packaging films incorporated with turmeric essential oil. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 131, 420–434. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.02.169

Morán, J. I., Alvarez, V. A., Cyras, V. P., & Vázquez, A. (2008). Extraction of Cellulose and Preparation of Nanocellulose from Sisal Fibers. Cellulose, 15, 149–159. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-007-9145-9

Mukuze, S., Magut, H., & Mkandawire, F. (2019). Comparison of Fructose and Glycerol as Plasticizers in Cassava Bioplastic Production. Advanced Journal of Graduate Research, 6, 41–52. https://doi.org/10.21467/ajgr.6.1.41-52

Nugroho, A., Rahmad, R., & Suhartoyo, S. (2018). Pemanfaatan Limbah Plastik Sebagai Energy Alternatif. Simetris: Jurnal Teknik Mesin, Elektro Dan Ilmu Komputer, 9, 55–60. https://doi.org/10.24176/simet.v9i1.1772

Pangau, J. R., Sangian, H. F., & Lumi, B. M. (2017). Karakterisasi Bahan Selulosa Dengan Iradiasi Pretreatment Gelombang Mikro Terhadap Serbuk Kayu Cempaka Wasian (Elmerillia Ovalis) Di Sulawesi Utara. Jurnal MIPA, 6(1), 53. https://doi.org/10.35799/jm.6.1.2017.16157

Pratama, J. H., Rohmah, R. L., Amalia, A. N., & Saraswati, T. E. (2019). Isolasi Mikroselulosa dari Limbah Eceng Gondok (Eichornia crassipes) dengan Metode Bleaching-Alkalinasi. ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia, 15, 239. https://doi.org/10.20961/alchemy.15.2.30862.239-250

Puji, Lestari Titi Nur, H., Siti Hanum Indah, L., & Djagal Wiseso, M. (2013). Pengembangan Teknologi Pembuatan Biopolimer Bernilai Ekonomi Tinggi Dari Limbah Tanaman Jagung (Zea Mays) Untuk Industri Makanan: Cmc (Carboxymethylcellulose). Program Kreativitas Mahasiswa - Penelitian, PKM-P 2013. http://artikel.dikti.go.id/index.php/PKM-P/article/view/63

Purnavita, S., Subandriyo, D., & Anggraeni, A. (2020). Penambahan Gliserol terhadap Karakteristik Bioplastik dari Komposit Pati Aren dan Glukomanan. METANA, 16, 19–25. https://doi.org/10.14710/metana.v16i1.29977

Rewini, W., & Kunusa Hendri, I. (2017). Studi Tentang Metode Merzerisasi Terhadap Perolehan Total Yield Lignoselulosa. Jambura Journal of Educational Chemistry, Vol 12, No 2 (2017): Agustus, 225–230. http://ejurnal.ung.ac.id/index.php/jjec/article/view/2182

Saifuddin, N. M., Hussein, R., & Palanisamy, K. (2013). Microwave-Assisted Alkaline Pretreatment and Microwave Assisted Enzymatic Saccharification of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Fiber for Enhanced Fermentable Sugar Yield. Journal of Sustainable Bioenergy Systems, 3, 7–17. https://doi.org/10.4236/jsbs.2013.31002

Shafqat, A., Al-Zaqri, N., Tahir, A., & Alsalme, A. (2021). Synthesis and characterization of starch based bioplatics using varying plant-based ingredients, plasticizers and natural fillers. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 28(3), 1739–1749. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.12.015

Sinaga, M., Gea, S., Panindia, N., & Sihombing, Y. A. (2018). The Preparation of All-Cellulose Nanocomposite Film from Isolated Cellulose of Corncobs as Food Packaging. Oriental Journal of Chemistry, 34, 562–567. https://doi.org/10.13005/ojc/340166

Sofia, A., Prasetya, A. T., & Kusumastuti, E. (2017). Komparasi Bioplastik Kulit Labu Kuning-Kitosan dengan Plasticizer dari BerbagaVariasi Sumber Gliserol. Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science, 6(2), 1–7. http://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/ijcs

Stiller, B. (2008). The Effect Of Montmorillonite Nanoclay On Mechanical And Barrier Properties Of Mung Bean Starch Films. Clemson University.

Ulfah, F., & Nugraha, I. (2014). Pengaruh Penambahan Montmorillonit Terhadap Sifat Mekanikkomposit Film Karagenan-Montmorilonit. Molekul, 9, 155. https://doi.org/10.20884/1.jm.2014.9.2.163

Wati, P. R., & Abdillah, H. (2019). Effect Of Temperature And Time For Bioplastic From Tapioca Starch.

Wiradipta, I. D. G. A. (2017). Pembuatan Plastik Biodegradable Berbahan Dasar Selulosa Dari Tongkol Jagung [Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember]. https://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/46898

Yoleva, A., Djambazov, S., & Michailov, G. (2016). Organic modification of Bulgarian bentonite by an easy low cost method. 51, 275–280.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.31315/e.v18i2.5341

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.

Article Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Metrics powered by PLOS ALM


Eksergi p-ISSN  1410-394X, e-ISSN 2460-8203,  is published by "Prodi Teknik Kimia UPN Veteran Yogyakarta".

Contact  Jl. SWK 104 (Lingkar Utara) Condong catur Sleman Yogyakarta

EKSERGI is associated to APTEKIM (Asosiasi Pendidikan Tinggi Teknik Kimia), Indonesia.

 Creative Commons License

Eksergi by http://jurnal.upnyk.ac.id/index.php/eksergi/index/ is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

 

 

Lihat Statistik Jurnal Kami