Pemanfaatan Informasi Geospasial Untuk Manajemen Bencana
Abstract
Abstrak – Manajemen bencana menjadi salah satu prosedur penting yang dikembangkan pada wilayah yang sering mengalami kejadian bencana, salah satunya adalah di Indonesia. Berbagai jenis bencana yang terjadi seperti banjir, tanah longsor, gempa bumi, tsunami, gunung api, dan bencana lainnya mengharusnya sistem manajemen kebencanaan yang dibangun harus memiliki kelengkapan data dan informasi. Salah satu jenis data dan informasi penting yang harus tersedia adalah data yang memiliki aspek lokasi, yaitu data dan informasi geospasial. Berbagai metode dilakukan untuk menyediakan data dan informasi geospasial dalam mewujudkan sistem manajemen bencana yang handal dan akurat. Beberapa metode tersebut adalah pengukuran GNSS, penginderaan jauh, fotogrametri, dan Sistem Informasi Geospasial (SIG). Metode-metode geospasial dilaksanakan di setiap tahap siklus bencana. Dengan memanfaatkan informasi geospasial maka dapat melengkapi sistem dan proses manajemen bencana dalam hal ketersediaan data yang akurat, efektif, dan terbarukan. Hal ini memudahkan proses diseminasi informasi kebencanaan, baik untk pelaporan, visualisasi kondisi, dan pengambilan kebijakan.
Kata Kunci: geospasial, sig, data spasial, manajemen bencana, mitigasi
Abstract – Disaster management is one of the important procedures developed in areas that frequently experience disasters, one of which is Indonesia. Various types of disasters occur such as floods, landslides, earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanoes, and other disasters. The disaster management system that is built must have complete data and information. One type of important data and information that must be available is data that has a locational aspect; namely geospatial data and information. Various methods are used to provide geospatial data and information in creating a reliable and accurate disaster management system. Some of these methods are GNSS measurements, remote sensing, photogrammetry, and Geospatial Information Systems (GIS). Geospatial methods are implemented at each stage of the disaster cycle. Utilizing geospatial information can complement disaster management systems and processes in terms of the availability of accurate, effective, and renewable data. This facilitates the dissemination process of disaster information, for reporting, visualizing conditions, and making policies.
Keywords: geospatial, gis, spatial data, disaster management, mitigation
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.31315/jigp.v9i1sp.9403
DOI (PDF): https://doi.org/10.31315/jigp.v9i1sp.9403.g5219
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