Overview of BTX (Benzene, Toluene, Xylene) Production from Polyethylene Pyrolysis over Ga and Zn Modified HZSM-5 Catalyst

Shafira Hakim Yanewati, Dijan Supramono

Abstract


The increase in Indonesia's BTX chemical production was carried out to keep pace with global demand trends. The raw material for alternative production is household waste in Indonesia, of which 36% is plastic. Polyolefins make up 76% of the composition of household plastic waste. The rapidly developed BTX production process is the depolymerization of polyolefin plastics by pyrolysis and catalyst modification for catalysis. Polyolefin plastic in the form of polyethylene produces the highest aromatic yield and selectivity among other types of plastic in plastic waste. This study compared two scenarios with the highest yield of aromatics using different catalysts as base literature with an additional overview regarding the topic related. The process scenarios being compared are polyethylene pyrolysis over CaO with Ga/ZSM-5 catalyst and Zn-ZSM-5 catalyst. Literature overview obtained the overall BTX production progress over time and the potential of polyethylene catalytic pyrolysis for further study

Keywords


BTX; polyolefin plastic; pyrolysis; catalyst; overview

Full Text:

PDF

References


Akubo, K., Nahil, M. A., & Williams, P. T. Aromatic fuel oils produced from the pyrolysis-catalysis of polyethylene plastic with metal-impregnated zeolite catalysts. Journal of the Energy Institute 2019.

Chen X, Dong M, Niu X, Wang K, Chen G, Fan W, Wang J, Qin Z. Influence of Zn species in HZSM-5 on ethylene aromatization. Chinese Journal of Catalysis 2015; 36(6): 880-8.

Chen, F., Zhang, G., Weng, X., Zhang, Y., Zhao, L., Cao, L., . . . Gao, X. High value utilization of inferior diesel for BTX production: Mechanisms, catalysts, conditions and challenges. Applied Catalysis A 2021: General.

Damayanti, D., Saputri, D. R., Marpaung, D. S., Yusupandi, F., Sanjaya, A., Simbolon, Y. M., . . . Wu, H.-S. Current Prospects for Plastic Waste Treatment. Polymers 2022.

Fu, L., Xiong, Q., Wang, Q., Cai, L., Chen, Z., & Zhou, Y. Catalytic Pyrolysis of Waste Polyethylene Using Combined CaO and Ga/ZSM 5 Catalysts for High Value-Added Aromatics Production. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering 2022.

Haslego C. Green Chemistry with Zeolite Catalyst. 1999.

Liang T, Fadaeerayeni S, Shan J, Li T, Wang H, Cheng J, Toghiani H, Xiang Y. Ethane aromatization over Zn-HZSM-5: early-stage acidity/performance relationships and deactivation kinetics. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 2019; 58(38): 17699-708.

Liang T, Toghiani H, Xiang Y. Transient kinetic study of ethane and ethylene aromatization over zinc-exchanged HZSM-5 catalyst. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research. 2018; 57(45):15301-9.

Liu RL, Zhu HQ, Wu ZW, Qin ZF, Fan WB, Wang JG. Aromatization of propane over Ga-modified ZSM-5 catalysts. Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology 2015;43(8): 961-9.

Lukyanov DB, Gnep NS, Guisnet MR. Kinetic modeling of ethene and propene aromatization over HZSM-5 and GaHZSM-5. Industrial & engineering chemistry research 1994; 33(2):223-34.

Migliori M, Aloise A, Catizzone E, Caravella A, Giordano G. Simplified kinetic modeling of propane aromatization over Ga-ZSM-5 zeolites: comparison with experimental data. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research. 2017; 56(37):10309-17.

Radhakrishnan, K., Kumar, P. S., Rangasamy, G., Perumal, L. P., Sanaulla, S., Nilavendhan, S., . . . Saranya, K. A critical review on pyrolysis method as sustainable conversion of waste plastics into fuels. Fuel 2022.

Rane N, Kersbulck M, Van Santen RA, Hensen EJ. Cracking of n-heptane over Brønsted acid sites and Lewis acid Ga sites in ZSM-5 zeolite. Microporous and mesoporous materials 2008; 110(2-3): 279-91.

Selvaganapathy T, Muthuvelayudham R, Kumar MJ. Simulation of waste plastic pyrolysis process using aspen hysys V9 simulator under steady state operating condition. Emerg. Trends Eng. Res. Technol. 2020; 2:108-18.

Shaikh IR, Shaikh RA, Shaikh AA, War JA, Hangirgekar SP, Shaikh AL, Shaikh PR, Shaikh RR. H-ZSM-5 zeolite synthesis by sourcing silica from the wheat husk ash: characterization and application as a versatile heterogeneous catalyst in organic transformations including some multicomponent reactions. Journal of Catalysts 2015.

Shemfe M, Gu S, Fidalgo B. Techno-economic analysis of biofuel production via bio-oil zeolite upgrading: An evaluation of two catalyst regeneration systems. Biomass and bioenergy 2017. 98: 182-93.

SIPSN. Sistem Informasi Pengelolaan Sampah Nasional. 2022. https://sipsn.menlhk.go.id/sipsn/ (retrieved 1 December 2022)

Standl S, Hinrichsen O. Kinetic modeling of catalytic olefin cracking and methanol-to-olefins (MTO) over zeolites: a review. Catalysts. 2018; 8 (12): 626.

Wang Y., Cheng L., Gu J., Zhang Y., Wu J., Yuan H., & Chen Y. Catalytic Pyrolysis of Polyethylene for the Selective Production of Monocyclic Aromatics over the Zinc-Loaded ZSM 5 Catalyst. ACS Omega 2022.

Warsito, I. Kementrian Perindustrian Republik Indonesia. 2022. https://kemenperin.go.id/artikel/23215/Kemenperin:-RI-Menuju-Produsen-Petrokimia-Nomor-1-di-ASEAN (retrieved 2 April 2023)

Zhu, J. Wang, J. & Li, Q. Transformation of Bio-oil into BTX by Bio-oil Catalytic Cracking. Chinese Journal of Chemical Physics 2013: 477-483.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.