Pengaruh Waktu Reaksi dan Kecepatan Pengadukan Pada Sintesis α-Terpineol dari Terpentin dengan Katalis Asam Sulfat

Abstract

Turpentine is a non-timber forest product derived from pine trees. Turpentine has obtained the highest content of α-pinene to be hydrated to α-terpineol. Turpentine used in this study has a α-pinene content of 65.891%. The α-pinene hydration reaction with the acid catalyst will produce α-terpineol commonly used as an ingredient in the manufacture of perfumes, cosmetics, fragrances, shampoo, detergents, and soaps. In this study, we studied the effect of reaction time and stirring rate on α-terpineol synthesis of turpentine with H₂SO₄ catalyst with ethanol as solubility promoter. The variables are used reaction time (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 hours) and stirring speed (400, 500, and 600 rpm). Synthesis was carried out at 80 ° C and 135 ml ethanol using a three-neck flask, reversing cooler, hot plate, and magnetic stirrer, and thermometer. The synthesis results are separated then neutralized using 5% NaOH, then the synthesis sample in the analysis using Gas Cromatography. In this study, the highest selectivity of α-terpineol 18, 9% in a reaction time of 3 hours and the stirring speed of 600 rpm.