Transesterifikasi Minyak Jelantah Menjadi Biodiesel Menggunakan Gelombang Ultrasonik dan Katalis Na2O/Fly Ash

Qisthi Hanifa Maisarah, Nur Hidayati

Abstract


Biodiesel is an alternative fuel for diesel engine made from animal fats or vegetable oils with an alcohol. In this experiment, biodiesel was produced by transesterification of Waste Cooking Oil (WCO) and methanol in the presence ofNa2O/fly ash as a catalyst. Ultrasonic assisted transesterification was performed by varying reaction time. The fixed variables included the reaction temperature of 40°C, oil to methanol molar ratio of 1:10 and catalyst loading of  4%-wt. The highest biodiesel yield 89.53% was obtained at the reaction time of 60 minutes. Analysis using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy showed that biodiesel contain mostly methyl ester oleate (53.54%), methyl ester palmitate (38.23%), methyl ester stearate (5.12%) and methyl ester myristate (1.14%).


Keywords


waste cooking oil, biodiesel, transesterification, ultrasonic, heterogeneous catalyst

References


Benjapornkulaphong S., Ngamcharussrivichai C., Bunyakiat K. Al2O3-supported alkali and alkali earth metal oxides for transesterification of palm kernel oil and coconut oil. Chemical Engineering Journal. 2009; 145(3): pp. 468–474.

Chen K. S., dkk.Improving biodiesel yields from waste cooking oil by using sodium methoxide and a microwave heating system. Elsevier Ltd. 2012; 38(1): pp. 151–156.

Fery J., dkk. Penggunaan Na2O/fly ash sebagai katalis pada tahap transesterifikasi minyak sawit off-grade menjadi biodiesel. 2011; pp. 1–8.

Jermolovicius L. A., dkk. Microwave fast-tracking biodiesel production, Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification. Elsevier B.V. 2017; 122: pp. 380–388.

Kasman M., Sari F. M. Analisis minyak jelantah sebagai bahan bakar biodiesel dengan proses transesterifikasi. 2018; 1(1): pp. 16–21.

Kotwal M. S., dkk. Transesterification of sunflower oil catalyzed by flyash-based solid catalysts. Elsevier Ltd. 2009; 88(9): pp. 1773–1778.

Maulana, Helwani, Saputra. Preparasi katalis CaO/fly ash dan penggunaannya pada reaksi transesterifikasi minyak sawit off-grade menjadi biodiesel. 2014; pp. 1–5.

Pukale D. D., dkk. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry Ultrasound assisted transesterification of waste cooking oil using heterogeneous solid catalyst. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry. 2014; 22: pp. 1–9.

Putri S. K., Supranto, Sudiyo R. Studi proses pembuatan biodiesel dari minyak kelapa ( Coconut oil ) dengan bantuan gelombang ultrasonik. Jurnal Rekayasa Proses. 2012; 6(1): pp. 20–25.

Santoso H., Kristianto I., Setyadi, A. Pembuatan biodiesel menggunakan katalis basa heterogen berbahan dasar kulit telur. 2013; pp. 1–29.

Supardan M. D. Penggunaan ultrasonik untuk transesterifikasi minyak goreng bekas. 2011; 8(1): pp. 11–16.

Tamrin. Gasifikasi minyak jelantah pada kompor bertekanan (waste cooking oil gasification with pressure stoves). 2013; 2(2): pp. 115–122.

Van Gerpen J. Biodiesel processing and production. Fuel Processing Technology. 2005; 86(10): pp. 1097–1107.

Xiang Y., Wang L., Jiao, Y. Ultrasound strengthened biodiesel production from waste cooking oil using modified coal fly ash as catalyst. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering Elsevier B.V. 2016; 4(1): pp. 818–824.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.