Sintesis Bioaditif Melalui Asetalisasi Gliserol Menggunakan Katalis Basolite F300

Fatimah Tresna P, Hary Sulistyo, Indra Perdana

Abstract


Biodiesel transesterification process yields glycerol as by-product, accounting for 10 % of the total biodiesel production. Crude glycerol remains untreated and can cause severe environmental issues as it disposes directly. Catalytic conversion may be the best solution to convert crude glycerol into high value-added chemicals. A batch process was carried out for glycerol acetalization to produce solketal, an oxygenated fuel additive, by reacting glycerol and acetone through heterogeneous acid-catalyzed reaction using Basolite F300. The objective of this research is to investigate the effect of temperature, mole ratio of reactants, stirring speed and catalyst loading. Process optimization was performed under various experimental conditions. Solketal synthesis using crude glycerol from biodiesel production was also studied. The obtained results reveal that, in general, increasing the value of all parameters varied gave rise to the increasing of glycerol conversion. The optimum conditions were achieved when 500C, 700 rpm, 1:4 mole ratio of reactants, and 1 % (w/w) catalyst were used, exhibited 84.33 % of glycerol conversion. However, a different result was observed, the conversion was only 14.83 % when using waste glycerol as reactant.


Keywords


Acetalization, glycerol, solketal, Basolite F300

References


Aprobi. Produksi biodiesel 2019 diproyeksikan capai delapan juta kl. 2018. https://www.dunia-energi.com/produksi-biodiesel-2019-diproyeksikan-capai-delapan-juta-kl/ (diakses 28 Maret 2018)

Dodson J. R., Avellar T., Athayde J., Mota C. J. A. Glycerol acetals with antioxidant properties. Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2014; 86(6): 905–911.

Ferreira P., Fonseca I. M., Ramos A. M., Vital J., Castanheiro J. E. Valorisation of glycerol by condensation with acetone over silica-included heteropolyacids. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. 2010; 98(1–2): 94–99.

Gapki. Perkembangan biodiesel di Indonesia dan terbesar di Asia. 2016. https://gapki.id/news/3250/perkembangan-biodiesel-di-indonesia-dan-terbesar-di-asia (diakses 22 Maret 2019)

Gelosa D., Ramaioli M., Valente G., Morbidelli M. Chromatographic reactors: Esterification of glycerol with acetic acid using acidic polymeric resins. Journal of Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research. 2003; 42: 6536-6544.

Ilgen O., Yerlikaya S., Akyurek F. O. Synthesis of solketal from glycerol and acetone over amberlyst-46 to produce an oxygenated fuel additive. Periodica Polytechnica Chemical Engineering. 2017; 61(2): 144–148.

Dhakshinamoorthy A., Alvaro M., Horcajada P., Gibson E., Vishnuvarthan M., Vimont A., Grenèche J. M., Serre C., Daturi M., Garcia H. Comparison of porous iron trimesates basolite F300 and MIL-100(Fe) as heterogeneous catalysts for lewis acid and oxidation reactions: Roles of structural defects and stability. ACS Catalysis. 2010; 2(10): 2060–206.

Koran Sindo. Ubah limbah gliserol menjadi hidrogen untuk sumber energi terbarukan. 2016. http://koran-sindo.com/page/news/2016017/0/22/Ubah_Limbah_Gliserol_Menjadi_Hidrogen_untuk_Sumber_Energi_Terbarukan (diakses 28 Maret 2018)

Manjunathan P., Maradur S. P., Halgeri A. B., Shanbhag G. V. Room temperature synthesis of solketal from acetalization of glycerol with acetone: Effect of crystallite size and the role of acidity of beta zeolite. Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical. 2015; 396: 47–54.

Nanda M. R., Yuan Z., Qin W., Ghaziaskar H. S., Poirier M. A., Xu C. Catalytic conversion of glycerol to oxygenated fuel additive in a continuous flow reactor: Process optimization. Fuel. 2014; 128: 113–119

Nanda M. R., Zhang Y., Yuan Z., Qin W., Ghaziaskar H. S., Xu C. Catalytic conversion of glycerol for sustainable production of solketal as a fuel additive: A review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2016; 56(1).

Oveisi A. R., Khorramabadi-zad A., Daliran S. Iron-based metal–organic framework, Fe(BTC): an effective dual-functional catalyst for oxidative cyclization of bisnaphthols and tandem synthesis of quinazolin-4(3H)-ones. RSC Adv. 2016; 6(2): 1136–1142.

Pečinka L. Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs) for adsorption of gold nanoparticles (NP) and the use of {MOFs, NP} composites in MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry. Masaryk University, Bachelor, Thesis. 2017.

Perot G., Guisnet M. Advantages and disadvantages of zeolites as catalysts in organic chemistry. Journal of Molecular Catalysis. 1990; 61(2): 173-196

Shirani M., Ghaziaskar H. S., Xu C. Optimization of glycerol ketalization to produce solketal as biodiesel additive in a continuous reactor with subcritical acetone using Purolite® PD206 as catalyst. Fuel Processing Technology. 2014; 124: 206–211.

Vicente G., Melero J. A., Morales G., Paniagua M., Martín E. Acetalisation of bio-glycerol with acetone to produce solketal over sulfonic mesostructured silicas. Green Chemistry. 2010; 12(5): 899.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.