Pengaruh Perbandingan Mol Reaktan dan Waktu Reaksi Terhadap Pembuatan Biodiesel dari Minyak Sapi

Abstract

Biodiesel is an alternative diesel engine fuel that produced from oil/fat of plants and animals. The material used is beef tallow which has potential to be produced into biodiesel because of its abundant amount. The purpose of this research is to comparing density, viscosity, and flash point based on the volume ratio of reactants at given time to the national biodiesel standard. This research using esterification and transesterification method, the esterification using 1% H₂SO₄ catalyst and the transesterification process using 1% NaOH catalyst, the temperature is 60^oC with reactant molar ratio (1:3, 1:5, 1:7, 1:9, 1:11, 1:13) and time variation (90, 120, 150, 180, 210, 240 minutes). The biggest biodiesel results were taken to analyze the density, flash point, and kinematic viscosity. Based on ratio between oil and ethanol were 1:9 and yield was obtained 75,651%, while the optimum condition of compared time on 3 hours with yield was 80,0265%. The biodiesel obtained has a large conversion but not enough to meet national biodiesel standard.