Sintesis dan Karakteristik Bioplastik dari Tepung Sorghum – Tepung Kanji dengan Penambahan Kitosan dan Plasticizer Gliserol

Abstract

Sorghum is an Indonesia agricultural product which is still rarely used by Indonesia citizen. A lot content of starch that found in a sorghum can be used as raw material for making biodegradable plastic which is interesting solutions as a innovative food wrapper. Starch from sorghum were chosen because they can be degraded well, and eatable. Biodegradable plastic prepared by dissolving sorghum starch and tapioca starch with total starch ratio 10g in 100 ml of aquadest at a temperature of 60°C to 70°C then stirred for 20 minutes. Sorghum starch and tapioca starch ratios are 3:7, 4:6, 5:5, 6:4, 7:3. Chitosan variables are 0,5g, 1g, 2g, 2,5g, and 3g, and sorbitol variables are 3ml, 4ml, 5ml, 6ml, and 7ml. The analysis includes tensile strength and percent elongation. Then continued with the biodegradable analysis for 14 days. Good composition for this biodegradable plastic are 10 g starch with sorghum starch and tapioca starch ratio at 5:5, 100 ml acetic acid 1%, , 1,5g chitosan, and 4ml sorbitol with the result of tensile strength is 2,2812 MPa and 43,95 % for percent elongation. Biodegradable plastic could degraded well at day 10. So this biodegradable plastic proved more eco friendly than synthetic plastic.