LATAR BELAKANG TERBENTUKNYA KESEPAKATAN ASEAN OUTLOOK ON THE INDO-PACIFIC (AOIP) 2019

Intan Hera Kusuma, Saptopo Bambang Ilkodar

Abstract


Artikel ini membahas masalah perebutan pengaruh di wilayah Indo Pasifik yang terjadi antara Amerika Serikat dan China dalam hubungannya dengan ASEAN. Negara-negara anggota ASEAN berlokasi di tengah-tengah wilayah Indo Pasifik sehingga apabila terjadi konflik terbuka di wilayah tersebut maka negara-negara ASEAN akan memanggung akibatnya. Artikel ini berupaya menguraikan sikap dan langkah politik ASEAN dalam merespon kenyataan tersebut, dengan mengajukan pertanyaan penelitian: mengapa ASEAN menyepakati ASEAN Outlook on the Indo-Pacific (AOIP). Permasalahan tersebut dikaji menggunakan teori keamanan regional yang dikembangkan Barry Buzan, yaitu Teori Kompleks Keamanan Regional yang sederhananya adalah sekumpulan negara yang memiliki kedekatan, sehingga negara-negara tersebut tidak dapat dipisahkan satu sama lain. Region tidak hanya dipahami secara teritori saja, melainkan suatu konsep kawasan dimana proses sekuritisasi, desekuritisasi, atau gabungan keduanya saling terkait, sehingga masalah keamanannya tidak dapat dianalisis atau diselesaikan secara terpisah. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ASEAN menyepakati AOIP karena meyakini rivalitas Amerika Serikat dan China dapat mengancam stabilitas politik dan keamanan negara-negara anggota ASEAN dan pada gilirannya dapat mengurangi peran sentral ASEAN di kawasan tersebut. 


Keywords


keamanan, geopolitik

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.31315/paradigma.v28i1.11405

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