Pembuatan Serbuk Fikobiliprotein dari Spirulina platensis melalui Proses Freezing-Thawing dan Freeze-Drying
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31315/e.v21i3.12453Keywords:
Extraction, Freezing-Drying, Phycobiliprotein, Spirulina platensisAbstract
Mikroalga golongan Cyanophyta seperti Spirulina Platensis (SP) merupakan salah satu sumber makanan fungsional yang bergizi. SP mengandung senyawa fikobiliprotein (PBP) yang merupakan komponen terbesar dari protein dan berfungsi sebagai antioksidan dan antikanker. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbandingan solven-biomassa (S/B), waktu pengeringan beku, dan luas permukaan wadah sampel pada pengeringan beku terhadap serbuk PBP yang dihasilkan. Eksperimen diawali dengan proses perendaman SP kering (1,5 dan 3 g) selama 1 jam, pembekuan selama 24 jam, thawing, penyaringan vakum (30-90 menit) dan pengeringan beku (freeze-drying) pada filtrat yang diperoleh. Analisis konsentrasi PBP dalam filtrat dilakukan dengan mengukur absorbansinya menggunakan UV-Vis Spektrofotometer diuji pada panjang gelombang 562, 615, dan 652 nm. Kadar air pada serbuk PBP setelah dilakukan proses freeze-drying diukur secara gravimeteri. Variasi yang dilakukan meliputi perbandingan S/B (6,67-133,33) mL air suling/g SP kering. Variasi waktu freeze drying selama 24 dan 32 jam. Waktu optimum untuk penyaringan vakum 30,55 menit dan menghasilkan konsentrasi PBP tertinggi (7,639 g/L). Nilai S/B optimum didapatkan sebesar 20 mL/g dengan rendemen 112,32 mg/g (SP kering). Luas permukaan wadah sampel pada pengeringan beku yang terbaik adalah 427,5 cm2 dan banyaknya air yang teruapkan sebesar 99,71% dari berat filtratReferences
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