Potensi Karbon Aktif Menggunakan Material Lokal Untuk Adsorpsi Logam Berat Dari Air Asam Tambang: Sebuah Kajian
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31315/jtp.v11i1.14839Keywords:
acid mine drainage, adsorption, activated carbon, local materialsAbstract
Air asam tambang (AAT) merupakan limbah berbahaya yang mengandung logam berat seperti besi (Fe), mangan (Mn), tembaga (Cu), kadmium (Cd), dan merkuri (Hg), yang berpotensi mencemari lingkungan serta membahayakan kesehatan manusia. Kajian literatur ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi potensi karbon aktif berbasis material lokal dalam mengadsorpsi logam berat dari AAT melalui kajian terhadap sebelas artikel ilmiah terkini. Sumber karbon aktif yang digunakan meliputi limbah pertanian, biomassa, dan batubara lokal, yang telah melalui proses aktivasi fisik, kimia, atau kombinasi keduanya. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa karbon aktif dari material lokal mampu menurunkan konsentrasi logam berat dengan efisiensi bervariasi, mencapai hingga 99,93%. Ukuran partikel dan metode aktivasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kapasitas adsorpsi, di mana ukuran partikel lebih kecil dan penggunaan aktivasi kimia atau kombinasi meningkatkan luas permukaan serta porositas karbon aktif
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