Application of the VDI 2221 method in the design of 3D printer machines utilizing additive manufacturing technology

Authors

  • Hery Irwan Faculty of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering and Technology, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia; Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Riau Kepulauan, Jalan Pahlawan no.99 Batam, 22462 Kepulauan Riau, Indonesia
  • Muhammad Rusydi Fattah Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Riau Kepulauan, Jalan Pahlawan no.99 Batam, 22462 Kepulauan Riau, Indonesia
  • Ryan Dana Gidion Tarigan Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Riau Kepulauan, Jalan Pahlawan no.99 Batam, 22462 Kepulauan Riau, Indonesia
  • Fauzan Maulana Siddiq Aritonang Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Riau Kepulauan, Jalan Pahlawan no.99 Batam, 22462 Kepulauan Riau, Indonesia
  • Edi Sumarya Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Riau Kepulauan, Jalan Pahlawan no.99 Batam, 22462 Kepulauan Riau, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31315/opsi.v18i1.13477

Keywords:

VDI 2221, 3D printer, Bill of material, Additive manufacturing, Fused deposition modeling

Abstract

In the era of Industry 4.0, digital transformation integrates advanced technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence, and data-driven manufacturing, driving advancements in science and technology. Within this framework, this study focuses on the design and fabrication of a cantilever-type 3D printer aimed at producing a prototype capable of efficient and functional 3D object printing. Additive Manufacturing (AM) technology, particularly Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), enables the conversion of digital designs into physical products through the layer-by-layer deposition of material. The 3D printer is designed using the VDI 2221 methodology, which encompasses four key phases: task clarification, conceptual design, embodiment design, and detailed design. A key consideration during the design process is the use of filaments derived from plastic bottle waste to mitigate environmental impact. The results identify the Cartesian model variant (Variant 1) as the optimal solution, selected based on functional performance, cost efficiency, and ease of assembly. This machine achieves nozzle temperatures up to 270°C and bed temperatures up to 80°C, with a total production cost of Rp 3,657,000.00. These findings demonstrate the potential of 3D printing technology to advance plastic waste recycling and promote the development of more sustainable 3D printing solutions.

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Published

2025-06-30

Issue

Vol. 18 No. 1 (2025): OPSI - June 2025

Section

Article

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