Zonasi Kerentanan Kekeringan dan Rekomendasi Perlindungan Daerah Imbuhan dan Mataair Lotong lotong, Kabupaten Bulukumba, Sulawesi Selatan

Herwin Lukito

Abstract


ABSTRACT

 

Drought is a problem that is vulnerable to occur in Indonesia, and is always associated with decreasing quality (degradation) of the environment / characteristics or conditions of an area. The Lotong-lotong area, Bulukumba is an area on a mountainside and has high draught potential, and also the low quality of the ground and surface water. The occurrence of drought in the Lotong-lotong area, Bulukumba is basically controlled by geophysical-chemical components such as landforms, soil, and rocks and is triggered by components such as land use. The purpose of this study is to determine the zone affected by drought and recommendations for its management later. The problem of drought in Lotong-lotong, Bulukumba, if not handled properly will affect the lives of many people.

The method used in the effort to deal with drought in Lotong-lotong, Bulukumba uses various field data, especially geophysical data. The data taken is then plotted and analyzed using a GIS overlay. Geophysical mapping carried out in the affected area aims to determine the geophysical factors that cause drought.

The results of the mapping show that drought in the affected area involved several factors, namely rock and weathering results, soil texture, steep slope and quite thick and deep vadose zone thickness. In terms of design, geophysical information from the field mapping results will be used to design the location and design of water reservoirs to overcome drought in the affected area in Lotong-lotong, Bulukumba, and also to gain detailed information about pollutant source that affected quantity and quality.

 

Keywords: Drought, lithology, soil, slope, ground water carrier zone.

 

 

ABSTRAK

 

Kekeringan adalah suatu permasalahan yang rentan terjadi di Indonesia, dan selalu dikaitkan dengan terjadinya penurunan kualitas (degradasi) lingkungan / karakteristik ataupun kondisi suatu daerah. Daerah Lotong-lotong, Bulukumba merupakan daerah yang berada di lereng gunung dan memiliki potensi terjadinya bencana kekeringan dan juga kualitasnya yang tidak standar. Terjadinya kekeringan di daerah Lotong-lotong, Bulukumba pada dasarnya dikontrol oleh komponen-komponen geofisik-kimia seperti bentuk lahan, tanah, dan batuan dan dipicu oleh komponen-komponen seperti penggunaan lahan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis rona lingkungan daerah penelitian, menganalisis potensi (kuantitas dan kualitas) mataair Lotong Lotong, dan menganalisis tingkat pencemaran Mata Air Lotong Lotong

            Metode yang digunakan dalam upaya penanggulangan kekeringan di Lotong-lotong, Bulukumba menggunakan berbagai data lapangan terutama data-data geofisik. Data-data yang diambil kemudian diplot dan dianalisis menggunakan overlay GIS. Pemetaan geofisik yang dilakukan di daerah terdampak bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor geofisik penyebab-penyebab kekeringan.

Hasil pemetaan memperlihatkan bahwa kekeringan di daerah terdampak melibatkan beberapa faktor yakni batuan  dan hasil pelapukannya, tekstur tanah, kemiringan lereng yang cukup curam dan ketebalan zona vadose (aeration) yang cukup tebal dan dalam. Dari segi perancangan, informasi-informasi geofisik hasil pemetaan lapangan ini akan digunakan untuk merancang lokasi dan desain penampungan air untuk mengatasi kekeringan di daerah terdampak di Lotong-lotong, Bulukumba, serta menggali informasi mengenai sumber pencemar yang sekiranya akan mempengaruhi jumlah (kuantitas dan kualitas) air yang ada. 


Keywords


Kekeringan, litologi, tanah, kemiringan lereng, zona pembawa air tanah

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.31315/jilk.v3i2.3445

DOI (PDF (Bahasa Indonesia)): https://doi.org/10.31315/jilk.v3i2.3445.g3358

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