A systematic review insights on integrating augmented reality into surgical training & clinical practice surgery

Authors

  • Muchammad Ismail Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
  • Dawi Karomati Baroroh Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9578-0078
  • Aanchal Agarwal Electro-optical Engineering Institute, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31315/opsi.v18i2.15550

Keywords:

Augmented reality, Healthcare, Systematic review, Integration

Abstract

Augmented Reality (AR) is increasingly recognized as a key enabler of future healthcare innovation, particularly in advancing medical education, clinical training, and surgical procedures. This study presents a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) of AR integration in the medical domain, analysing 62 peer-reviewed articles from the Scopus database. The review explores five aspects: interaction devices, AR functions, AR impacts, solution validation methods, and medical implementation stages. Results reveal that appearance is the most dominant AR function (41%), followed by procedural guidance in both training and real clinical settings (24% each). Head-Mounted Displays (HMDs) are the most widely used interaction device (67%), offering immersive and real-time visual support. AR integration is most prevalent during the intra-operative phase (44%). Reported AR impacts commonly span multiple dimensions, including enhanced accuracy, effectiveness, efficiency, error, and educational outcomes (37%). Validation methods are primarily based on statistical analysis (40%). This review underscores AR’s growing role in transforming healthcare delivery, medical education, and highlights opportunities for future development in multifunctional AR systems, cost-benefit analyses, and expansion into additional medical subspecialties.

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